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Creators/Authors contains: "Rubio, Kevin"

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  1. This paper describes a study about which medium best introduces programming concepts to those without programming knowledge, a blocked coded robot (Cozmo) or online Scratch coding. Participants were taught basic coding concepts such as if statements and while loops in both instances and given a task to test their newly attained knowledge. Results showed that even though Scratch coding on computers was more successful as a tool to teach students programming concepts, the Cozmo robot brought more engagement and interest to the students. 
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    Free, publicly-accessible full text available March 17, 2026
  2. The goal of this study is to introduce sound editing and use the novelty of Makey Makey to increase interest in Information Technology. Using stories as a requirement for certain abstract sound effects, we show the importance of being able to edit recorded audio to produce sounds. Our workshop uses open-source applications that do not require prior knowledge of IT related concepts to ensure that our audience can follow along cohesively and explore the concepts taught on their own. Through this workshop, we have shown that outreach activities, such as ours, can spark an interest in STEM and IT. 
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